Health Food Additives
       

 HA content is about 15g in a human body. It plays an important role in human biologic activity. With the decrease of HA content in skin, the water retaining ability of the skin is weakened, the skin looks coarse and wrinkle. The decrease of HA in other apparatus will lead to arthritis, arteriosclerosis, plus disorder and brain atrophy. All in all the decrease of HA in human body will lead to premature senility.

Oral HA can increase HA content in human body, supply deficiency of HA. By digesting and absorbing HA, skin can be made moist, smooth, soft and rich spring. Oral HA can defer crowd senility; prevent arthritis, arteriosclerosis, plus disorder and brain atrophy. Oral HA can make one full of beans and be rich in youth energy.

1.Hyaluronic Acid in health foods importance

At the end of 1980s, take orally the HA cosmetology health foods to appear in Japan.Its basic theory basis is: HA through the oral administration after the digestion absorption, increases in vivo HA synthesis the precursor, causes in the skin and other organization's HA resultant quantity increases, thus enables the skin the water retention property to increase, rich elasticity, wrinkle reduction.

In vivo does the idea by HA to be possible to maintain its weight 1000 time of moisture contents, thus in vivo HA reduction may cause the moisture content the remarkable reduction.Although HA distributes in vivo all organizations, but the content high organization has the ticulare, the blood vessel, the heart, the eye, the brain as well as the skin and so on.If above organization appears HA to reduce may cause arthritis, the arteriosclerosis, the pulse uneven, the eye presbyopia, the atrophy of brain as well as the skin appears the wrinkle.Takes orally HA to be possible to supplement in the internal organs and organization's HA insufficiency, the prevention gets older, to maintains the aging society crowd the health to have the vital significance.Takes orally many symptom occurrences which because the HA also hopeful preventing and controlling organ HA lacks creates, possibly develops treats arthritis the medicine.
HA is in the cell division and the structure the essential material, includes massive HA in the embryonic period.The fertilized egg develops in a newborn process from a single cell, a cell must carry on the up to ten thousand hundred million time fission and the differentiation, does not have HA not to be able to complete.The newborn grows to the adult, still needed the cell the multiplication, the adult includes about 60,000,000,000,000 cells, thus HA was essential.Baby's skin tender smooth, includes is higher than 20 time of HA the adult, demonstrated in this HA and the skin slide the tender relations.

The human is highest in the embryo time in vivo HA content, after the birth reduces gradually.If decides as 20 year-old human body in HA comparative contents 100%,30, 50, time 60 years old distinguishes the drop is 65%, 45%, 25%.The same age crowd contains the HA quantity to be also different, the old sickness patient's HA content obviously reduces early, demonstrates the senile many symptoms.Takes orally the HA cosmetology health foods to be possible to supplement in vivo HA, has the activation skin cell, the maintenance epidermis is moist, improves effects and so on skin.

2. HA absorptions

Because of HA itself for in vivo existence natural material, determines its absorption to be very difficult accurately.Some research thought high polymer HA absorbs difficultly, low molecular HA to absorb easily.Although in vivo organization's HA molecular weight is high, but low molecular HA after the oral administration absorption, may display HA the function, prompts the oral administration absorption low molecular HA to be possible to produce high polymer HA in vivo.Some people extrapolated that, after the low molecular HA absorption, after becomes the ciliary cell ingestion the resynthesis to need the molecular weight HA, thus may enhance the ciliary cell HA synthesis ability, the skin cicatrization speed speeds up obviously, possibly is becomes the ciliary cell to synthesize HA the speed increase result.

3. Health foods use HA the origin and the use present situation

Health care cosmetology food with HA from the cockscomb extraction preparation, the purity request is generally low, usually below 10%, includes the sulfuric acid chondroitin, the sulfuric acid skin element and the collagen egg in addition waits in vain to compose the extracellular matrix the material, called it compound mounts the polysaccharide.HA Mr is low, favors the digestion absorption.

To one kind from cockscomb extraction named ECM?E (extracellular matrix extraction thing) compound mounts the polysaccharide the animal experiment and the human body experiment proof, takes orally ECM?E may promote the skin wound spot granulation tissue production and become the ciliary cell the migration, has the obvious promotion wound cicatrization function.The clinical test result indicated that, takes orally ECM?E has the obvious cosmetology effect.From d3~24, the most test skin becomes smooth, the favor, the face, the hands and feet as well as the whole body appears the cosmetology effect.The cockscomb on enjoyed since old times as the good food, EMC?E contains HA, mounts the polysaccharide and the protein and so on the natural material which has for human body itself, has highly the security.The cockscomb extraction protein content is high, after the minority allergic physique person takes has the skin to blush, sao itches and so on mild allergic reaction.If has this kind of situation, should stop using.
Takes orally the HA cosmetology health foods besides to include HA or compound mounts the polysaccharide (cockscomb extraction thing), but also has many kinds of nutrition health care ingredient, like Vitamin, carrot element, cellulose, glucosamine, chitin and so on.The product goes on the market which in Japan includes: Run Li EX (each piece of 300mg, including HA, sulfuric acid skin element and so on compound mounts polysaccharide 120mg, collagen 70mg, Vitamin C 40mg, crystallization cellulose 48mg, the corn egg waits in vain 11mg, glucosamine 10mg, elastin 1mg), Hyaron ECM?E (each piece of 300mg, the principal constituent has ECM?E, Vitamin B12, the carrot element, the dextrin), ア ィ プ レ - ン G (each piece of 300mg, principal constituent has compound mounts widowed sugar, carrot element, Vitamin C, E, B1, B2, B6, B12 which polysaccharide, bee glue, chitin originate, as well as calcareous).Our country Taiwan also has this kind of cosmetology health foods.

At present the domestic mainland also has this kind of healthy product to study, after hopes to go on the market soon.

Product Standards 
Appearance:
This product is white or off- white particle or powder, odorless, and hygroscopicity
Swelling of the product in the water solution into a clarified, Ethanol、Aether、Acetone insoluble

Specification of Quality

Glucuronic acid                                                                                                                                       ≥42%
Sodium Hyaluronate(In line with the state,<the new resources food> standard)                     ≥88%
PH                                                                                                                                                             6.0～ 8.0
Molecular weight                                                                                                                                    ≥0.7Mda
Protein                                                                                                                                                      ≤0.1
Loss on drying                                                                                                                                        ≤10.0%
Residue heat                                                                                                                                          ≤13.0%

Microbiological Tests

Total bacterial count                                                                                                                              ≤1000cfu/g
Molds and Yeasts                                                                                                                                  ≤100cfu/g
E.coli                                                                                                                                                        Can not be check out
Staphylococcus aureus glucose                                                                                                        Can not be check out
Ssalmonella                                                                                                                                           Can not be check out

Pharmaceutical Intermediates  

HA is the main component composing human intercellular substance, vitreum joints synovia, etc. It can retain water, keep intercellular space, accommodate osmotic pressure, lubricate and further rehabilitation of cells. In its aqueous solution, a mount of carboxyl and hydroxy in its molecular, which can form hydrogen bondings in molecule and between molecules, thus making it a powerful water keeping action. It can bond water over 400 multiple. In upper consistence, HA aqueous solution has high viscoelasticity because of its molecules form complex three reticula grades. As a main component of intercellular substance, HA directly concerns the transfer of exchange of electrolyte inside and outside cells, demonstrates the filter action of physical and molecule information. Macromolecule HA can prevent cells from move, hyperplasia, disintegration and engulfment, while low olecule HA has furtherance actions.
HA has peculiar physical and chemical property and biologic action, widely used in medicine. It can be used as a viscoelastic agent in artificial crystal planting in ocular surgery, as a fill agent in osteoarthritis, also as an agent in eye drops. It has good action of adhesion preventives in surgerical operations and healing cuts on skin. Compound of HA and other drug, the additive can make the action of drug delaying. With the development of medical technology. HA will be more widely used in medicine

The application in ophthalmology department of Hyaluronic Acid:
Balazs and so on got up from the 20th century 60's on has conducted the research to Hyaluronic Acid in the eye initial segment and in the vitreous body surgery application, and obtained high-purity in the 20th century the beginning of 70's from the human umbilical cord and the male cockscomb extraction, must sends inflammatory Hyaluronic Acid component (NIF-HA), applied clinically in as the ophthalmology department surgery viscoelasticity auxiliaries.Along with sticks ball medicinal preparation HA the going on the market and the application, has formed brand-new domain - - coherent surgery (viscosurgery) in the ophthalmology department, is considered one of modern ophthalmology department significant progress. In addition, but Hyalurnic Acid may lengthen tear membrane breakage time (BUT) to have the obvious alleviation function obviously to xerophthalmia, as the principal constituent drop eye fluid is at present treats xerophthalmia take Hyaluronic Acid the first choice medicine.Hyaluronic Acid took the eye with the preparation medium, has to the medicine controls releases the function to obtain widely applies. 

The application in orthopaedics of Hyaluronic acid：     
Hyaluronic acid and it’s salt(Hyalurongn,HA) is the major components of  articular cartilage and synovial fluid，and plays a vital role in the physiological function of the joints。When the occurrence of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, as well as other infectious and non-infectious joint disease,The HA  Intra-articular will be abnormal in the production and metabolic,and the density  and molecuar weight of HA in the Synovial fluid will be significantly decreased. The cartilage degradation and break will occur, resulting in physiological dysfunction of the joints.As a result, viscoelastic replacement therapy came into being  for the porpose of supplyment of HA, recovery the lubricating function  of synovial fluid and improve joint function. Up to now, a large number of the results showed that the effect of HA for the treatment of joint diseases such as OA.,RA is clear, safe,with widely used

 Product Standards
 

Eye-drop Grade Sodium Hyaluronate 
Appearance:

This product is white or off- white particle or powder, odorless, and hygroscopicity

Specification of Quality

PH                                                                      6.0～8.0
Limiting viscosity                                            ≥1600cm3/g
Loss on drying                                                 ≤8.0%
Sulphate                                                           Complies

Residue heat                                                   ≤13.0%
Inclusion and Microbiological Tests
Heavy metal                                                     ≤20ppm
Total bacterial count                                       ≤100cfu/g
Molds and Yeasts                                           ≤100cfu/g
Staphylococcus aureus glucose                  Can not be check out
Pseudomonas aeruginosa                           Can not be check out                        

Intermediate-level injection（YY/T0606.9--2007）Grade Sodium hyaluronate

Appearance:

Specification of Quality
Glucuronic acid                     ≥40% (mass fraction )，,Internal control standards for not less than 45%
Sodium Hyaluronate                                            95～ 105 %
PH                                                                            6.0～ 7.5
Limiting viscosity                                                  2.0～ 5.0 m3/kg
Molecular weight                                                   ≥1.20Mda
Protein                                                                    ≤0.05
Loss on drying                                                      ≤10.0%
600 nm . optical absorption（1-300）             ≤0.01
260 nm . optical absorption（1-300）             ≤0.5
Chlorine                                                                  ≤0.5
Residue heat                                                         ≤10.0%
Inclusion and Microbiological Tests
Heavy metal                                                           ≤20ppm
Total bacterial count                                             ≤10cfu/g

Endotoxin                                                                ≤0.05IU/mg